How to set up a project team? Roles in the team

According to the PMBOK, a project team is “a set of individuals performing the work of the project to achieve its objectives.” Still, we believe that such a definition leaves out at least one important aspect of achieving the project objective: collaboration. And this is what we want to focus on today in answering the question of how to set up a project team.

How to set up a project team? – table of contents:

Introduction
Competencies and responsibilities of team members
Personalities in the team
Roles in the team
Summary

Introduction

When a Project Manager gets down to setting up a project team, he or she has already completed the project initiation phase, and part of the planning phase. The task is easier if the project involves people inside the organization. But often, projects require hiring new specialists, external consultants or freelancers.

If the project takes place in a large organization, it is enough for the Project Manager to accurately determine the scope of competence and responsibilities of the specialists needed. HR staff will then handle the recruitment of suitable candidates.

However, if it’s in a smaller company or startup, the Project Manager will have to handle the selection of suitable candidates. This task is also coined”acquiring project team” and it focuses on two areas:

competence and professional experience, and
individual personality traits of future colleagues.

They are the ones that will make a group of specialists soon become a team. Namely, that it will work together effectively throughout the project.

Competencies and responsibilities of team members

Defining the responsibilities of each team member is very crucial at the outset of cooperation. This is because it often happens that the competencies of colleagues overlap. The Project Manager must therefore determine who is responsible for the implementation of a particular task. On the other hand, people working together on a particular area of the project should feel that they share responsibility for its success (shared ownership).

Further difficulties faced by the Project Manager are indicated by the questions:

How do you identify which specialists will fit to perform the tasks?
What tools will they need? And what follows –
How to determine the budget needed to complete the team?

Here we can only pay attention to the questions. The answer will differ in each project.

Personalities in the team

In a project team, each member must have the right skills and experience. But equally essential are the personality traits that will make the team strong and cohesive. When it comes to common traits, the project team must consist of people who are:

flexible and adaptable to changing conditions
open to new challenges
cooperative
willing to take responsibility for the tasks assigned to them, and
knew how to deal with stress.

Still, equally essential is the diversity of personalities and working styles. This will enable to make much better use of their strengths. All teams will benefit from having individuals who are:

Goal-oriented – focusing on achieving the best possible results and is action-focused
Creative – prolific with ideas, demonstrate a high level of innovation and capability to find new solutions
People-centered – for whom other humans, relationship and mutual understanding matter most

Roles in the team

Informal team roles appear spontaneously. However, it is worth noting their existence and dynamics during project implementation. Major roles in a project team include:

Leader – pays special attention to the efficiency of the team,
Mediator – resolves conflicts and helps the team operate more efficiently
Joker – the one who makes others laugh and improves the mood of the team,
Reminder – always remembers important deadlines and tasks,
Coordinator – helps the team operate more efficiently by combining the work elements of individual members,
Mentor – often a senior team member who is willing to share experience and knowledge with others.

Informal roles help the team function effectively and brings about better results. However, you mustn’t treat them as a substitute for formal responsibilities.

Summary

The choice of the project team can determine the success or failure of the entire project. That is why it is so important that the team should consist of people with different skills and personalities, different experiences and working styles. If the Project Manager correctly selects colleagues, they will naturally personate the informal roles to form a cohesive team, increasing the chances of success and further fruitful cooperation.

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Author: Caroline Becker
As a Project Manager, Caroline is an expert in finding new methods to design the best workflows and optimize processes. Her organizational skills and ability to work under time pressure make her the best person to turn complicated projects into reality.
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The most important questions

Why should a project team consist of people with different personalities and working styles?

People with different personalities and working styles look at a project from different perspectives. Various issues matter for them, so when they communicate they set the scene for innovation. In other words. they come up with more ideas when they’re together, which contributes to better project implementation.