New human — AI interactions. How artificial intelligence is changing the way we operate devices? | AI in business #22

How do Intelligent User Interfaces (IUIs) work in case of AI interactions?

Intelligent User Interfaces (IUIs) are interfaces that use AI interactions techniques to enhance human experience with devices. IUIs can, for example, recognize a user’s speech or gestures, adapt to preferences based on analysis of past AI interactions, or assist in performing tasks. Indeed, the goal is to create an intuitive and natural way to communicate with electronic devices, or Natural User Interface (NUI). Although operating such an interface also requires learning, it is inherently facilitated, giving the feeling that everything is happening naturally and the interface itself is invisible.

Today, touch interfaces are the most widely applied and voice interfaces are the most developed. Promising future developments include gesture recognition in VR and AR, Smart Devices and brain-machine interfaces.

Examples of IUI applications concern intelligent voice assistants such as Siri or Alexa, which understand questions asked by voice and provide answers or follow commands. Other examples are IUIs that employ sensors to track body movement, gestures or gaze to control devices. They feature:

• Natural Language Processing (NLP) for understanding and creating speech,
• Image recognition (Computer vision) to interpret visual materials,
• Machine Learning (ML) to recognize patterns and predict user behavior.

You can apply machine learning, among other things, to interpret brain waves captured by smart headphones. This solution has been developed by Neurable to create headphones dedicated to work, which detect moments of focus and allow for the precise determination of the optimal time and conditions conducive to concentration. What’s more, during times of concentration, Neurable’s headphones automatically mute incoming calls, and allow you to skip to the next song you’re listening to with your thoughts.

Source: Neurable (https://neurable.com/headphones)

Business applications of touch interfaces

Touch interfaces are extremely popular because of their versatility. That’s why business has moved rapidly beyond the realm of smartphones and home appliance displays. They are increasingly common in ticket or snack vending machines, locks and airport gates.

Tapping, swiping, dragging, long-pressing – these are just some of the gestures that dominate our digital experience. With them, we can both type on a keyboard displayed on the screen, push buttons, and navigate through the movements of one or more fingers, or even the whole hand.

Using AI, touch devices have become more default, completing bits of movement not recognized correctly by the device. They combine data from the touch interface with gestures recognized by the camera, improving the fluidity of the user experience and imperceptibly enhancing the pleasure and safety of using the devices.

Three-dimensional gestures, virtual reality and augmented reality with AI interactions

Thanks to gesture recognition, we are increasingly operating with motion alone in touchless AI interactions with doors, bathroom sinks, or car screens. Automotive is also making its application widespread. BMW, for example, recently introduced a gesture control feature with a touchless display to handle the car’s volume, calls and other functions.

It is also worth noting the software for touchless operation of devices available in public places. On the market you can find:

• TouchFree – programming that enables companies to upgrade existing Windows-based kiosks and touchscreens to touchless gesture control,
• Banuba – a solution for gesture-based operation in space, such as selecting a product by pointing a finger or adding to a shopping cart with a thumbs-up gesture, which will be particularly handy in stores with augmented reality technologies, where you can try on virtual clothes, for example,

Source: Banuba (https://www.banuba.com/solutions/touchless-user-interface)

Indeed, AI interactions play a key role in gesture control in virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR). AI features here to recognize body position and interpret movements and gestures of users, allowing them to interact naturally with virtual objects and environments with their hands or controllers. An example is the Oculus Quest 2, VR goggles equipped with cameras that track hand movements to intuitively control objects in the virtual world. VR and AR features in business for:

• training and simulations, where gesture control enables more natural and intuitive AI interaction,
• 3D model manipulation during design and engineering work, including in a team that is not located in a single physical space,
• shopping and e-commerce presentations – companies are using AR to create interactive shopping experiences where customers can use gestures to browse products and information.

One of the latest examples of applying AI interactions for gesture control in VR and AR is the Apple Vision Pro. It is a spatial computing device that has no hardware control mechanism. Instead, the Vision Pro relies on eye tracking and hand gestures to allow users to manipulate objects in the virtual space in front of them.

Source: Apple (https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2023/06/introducing-apple-vision-pro/)

Apple Vision Pro features gestures such as tap, double tap, pinch and drag, as well as two-handed gestures such as zoom and rotate. These gestures apply to various actions, such as selecting and manipulating objects, scrolling, moving windows and adjusting their size.

Voice control devices and software – how to use them in your business?

The growing role of artificial intelligence means that more and more devices and applications are also employing Voice User Interfaces (VUI). They have technologies that convert speech-to-text (STT) and text-to-speech (TTS).

Voice control is already very widely applied in business for:

• Customer service – the customer can talk to intelligent product and marketing voicebots, such as Inteliwise (Efecte),
• creating documents – for example, with Google Docs Voice Typing, which allows users to dictate text directly into a document,
• conducting international meetings – the voice interface enables you to translate your speech in real-time with an automatic translator, using Google Translate during Google Meet conversations, or using a dedicated tool such as Verbum.ai.

Source: Verbum.ai (https://verbum.ai/).

Many people also use voice control of the car’s software, for example, to set a navigation destination, and to control smart devices for controlling office lighting.

The future of AI interactions, or brain-machine interface

The ideal way to AI interactions with devices would be natural, that is, completely invisible to the user. And this is not pure fantasy. There are already prototypes of brain-machine interfaces that operate at unimaginable speeds akin to electronic telepathy.

The most advanced work on the brain-computer interface, or brain-computer interface (BCI) is being carried out by Neuralink. This is a company that is developing an interface called “The Link,” which is already in clinical testing.

Source: Neuralink (https://neuralink.com/)

The Link is a coin-sized chip that is surgically implanted under the skull, where it connects to thin wires called neuronal threads that extend to different parts of the brain.

Neuronal strands contain electrodes that can record and stimulate brain activity, allowing neuronal signals to be decoded and encoded and sending information to and from a computer or mobile device.

The Link is implanted by a neurosurgical robot and then enables the control of an app that lets the user manipulate a keyboard and mouse with their thoughts.

Such forward-looking solutions, however, raise as many hopes as concerns. On the one hand, one will be able to simply think: “I want to post a note on social media about a company event with a portrait photo of the CEO taken during the opening of the meeting.” On the other hand – how do we make sure the connection is not eavesdropping on our private thoughts?

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